Presiding: KARL J. NIKLAS, Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853. Tele: 607-255-8727, E-mail: kjn2@cornell.edu.

Project Kaleidscope (PKAL) is an informal, national alliance working to strengthen undergraduate learning in mathematics, engineering, and the various fields of science. PKAL has worked with over 850 colleges and universities since 1989 to build learning environments that best serve 21st century students, science, and society. This informational meeting will provide an overview of PKAL’s programs, and several PKAL-affiliated faculty will be available to answer questions.

Presiding: STANLEY RICE, Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Oklahoma State University, Durant, OK 74701. Tele: 580-745-2688, E-mail: srice@sosu.edu.

Organized by: LARRY L. ST. CLAIR, Department of Botany and Range Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602-0200. Tele: 801-378-4879, E-mail: larry_stclair@byu.edu; and MARK R. D. SEAWARD, Department of Environmental Science, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK. Tele: 44-1274-234212.

Presiding: MARK R. D. SEAWARD, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.

1:00 51-1 CHIARI, GIACOMO. Università di Torino, Torino, Italy. Lichens on sandstone: do they cause damage?

1:30 51-2 PIERVITTORI, ROSANNA. Università di Torino, Torino, Italy. Lichens and biodeterioration of stoneworks: the Italian experience.

2:00 51-3 GINELL, WILLIAM S.* and RAKESH KUMAR. Getty Conservation Institute, Los Angeles, CA. Limestone stabilization studies at a Maya site in Belize.

2:45 51-4 TRATEBAS, ALICE. Bureau of Land Management, Newcastle, WY. Biodeterioration of rock art and issues in site preservation.

3:15 51-5 SILVER, CONSTANCE S. Preservar, Inc., New York, NY. Conservators confront lichens: a summary history of conservation's efforts to understand and control lichen-induced deterioration of cultural property.

Organized by: DAVID W. LEE, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199. Tele: 305 348-3111, E-mail: leed@fiu.edu; KEVIN GOULD, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, NZ. Tele: 9 3737 599 x7298, E-mail: k.gould@auckland.ac.nz; and James W. Wallace, Biology Department, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC 28723. Tele: 828 293-5434, E-mail: wallacej@wpoff.wcu.edu.

Presiding: David W. Lee, Florida International University, Miami, FL.

1:00 52-1 Holbrook, N. Michelle*; Taylor S. Field; and David W. Lee. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Why leaves turn red in autumn: the role of anthocyanins in senescing leaves of red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera).

1:30 52-2 Starr, Gregory* and Steven F. Oberbauer. Florida International University, Miami, FL. The role of anthocyanins in photosynthesis of arctic evergreens during spring snow melt.

2:00 52-3 Gould, Kevin S.*; Samuel O. Neill; and Thomas Vogelmann. University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. A unified explanation for anthocyanins in leaves?

2:30 52-4 Zufall, Rebecca and Mark D. Rausher*. Duke University, Durham, NC. Diffuse coevolution and anthocyanin production.

3:00 BREAK

3:30 52-5 Gould, Kevin S. University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Summary and panel discussion with symposium participants.

Presiding: ERIC H. ROALSON, Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, NMNH, MRC-534, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. 20560. Tele: 301-238-3444 x113, E-mail: eroalson@onyx.si.edu.

1:00 53-1 Roalson, Eric H.¹*, Larry E. Skog², and Elizabeth A. Zimmer¹. ¹Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD; ²Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Floral diversification and phylogenetic relationships in Achimenes (Gesneriaceae).

1:15 53-2 Lindqvist, Charlotte* and Victor A. Albert. The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. A high elevation ancestry for the Usambara Mountains and lowland populations of African violets (Saintpaulia, Gesneriaceae).

1:30 53-3 Clark, John L. George Washington University, Washington, DC. Preliminary phylogeny of Alloplectus (Gesneriaceae) based on morphology and ITS sequence data.

1:45 53-4 Rønsted, Nina¹* and MARK W. CHASE². ¹Royal Danish School of Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark; ²Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. Phylogenetic relationships within Plantago (Plantaginaceae) based on ITS and trnL sequence data.

2:00 53-5 Hoggard, Ron¹*, Paul Kores¹, Mia Molvray¹, Gloria Hoggard¹, and David Broughton². ¹University of Oklahoma, Norman; ²The Queen's University of Belfast, Ireland. Molecular systematics and biogeography of the amphibious genus Littorella (Plantaginaceae).

2:15 53-6 Crawford, Phillip T* and Wayne J. Elisens. University of Oklahoma, Norman. Systematics of native North American Linaria (Scrophulariaceae).

2:30 53-7 Wallick, Kyle, Wayne Elisens*, Paul Kores, and Mia Molvray. University of Oklahoma, Norman. Phylogenetic analysis of trnL-F sequence variation indicates a monophyletic Buddlejaceae and a paraphyletic Buddleia.

2:45 53-8 Zjhra, Michelle L. Keene State College, Keene, NH. Cauliflory: seeing the flowers for the trees.

3:15 53-9 McDade, Lucinda A.¹*, Thomas F. Daniel², Kevin Balkwill³ and Alissa M. Martin⁴. ¹Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA; ²California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco; ³University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa; ⁴University of Arizona, Tucson. Delimitation and subdivision of "Justicioids" (Acanthaceae, Justicieae).

3:30 53-10 Williams, Rachel A.* and L. Alan Prather. Michigan State University, East Lansing. Evolutionary relationships of the Clinopodioid complex and allied genera (Lamiaceae: Nepetoideae) based on ITS sequence data.

3:45 53-11 Huang, Mingjuan*, John V. Freudenstein, and Daniel J. Crawford. The Ohio State University, Columbus. Systematics of Trichostema L. (Lamiaceae): evidence from ITS, ndhF, and morphology.

4:00 53-12 Beardsley, Paul M.*, Alan Yen, and Richard G. Olmstead. University of Washington, Seattle. Patterns of speciation and the evolution of hummingbird and self-pollination in the Erythranthe clade of Mimulus (Phrymaceae) as inferred from an AFLP phylogeny.

4:15 53-13 Beardsley, Paul M.*, Steve Schoenig, and Richard G. Olmstead. University of Washington, Seattle. Radiation of Mimulus (Phrymaceae) in western North America: evolution of polyploidy, woodiness, and pollination syndromes.

4:30 53-14 Hazle, Thomas* and Judith M. Canne-Hilliker. University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Ontogenetic floral evolution of Mimulus lewisii and M. cardinalis (formerly Scrophulariaceae, s.l.): allometry and morphology.

4:45 53-15 Ree, Richard. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Floral diversity and phylogeny of Pedicularis.

5:00 53-16 FAN, CHUANZU* and (JENNY) QIU-YUN XIANG. North Carolina State University, Raleigh. Systematic affinities of two enigmatic African families, Grubbiaceae and Hydrostachyaceae - Evidence from nuclear 26S rDNA sequence data.

Presiding: Rodger Evans, Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada B0P 1X0. Tele: 902-585-1710, E-mail: rodger.evans@acadiau.ca.

1:00 54-1 Alice, Lawrence A.* and Amber Hogart. Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green. Phylogeny of Rubus (Rosaceae) based on Granule-Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) gene sequences.

1:15 54-2 Zerega, Nyree Conard* and Timothy J. Motley. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. Artocarpus (Moraceae) molecular phylogeny and the systematics and origins of breadfruit, Artocarpus altilis.

1:30 54-3 Bortiri, Esteban¹*, Sang-Hun Oh¹, Fang-You Gao¹, Jianguo Jiang², Scott Baggett^1,3, Andrew Granger⁴, Clay Weeks¹, Megan Buckingham¹, Dan Potter¹, and Dan E. Parfitt¹. ¹University of California, Davis; ²Southwest Agricultural University, China; ³Lehman College, Bronx, NY; ⁴South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Australia. Phylogenetics of Prunus (Rosaceae) as determined by ITS, the chloroplast trnL-trnF spacer and s6pdh: implications for subgeneric classification, biogeography and evolution of morphology.

1:45 54-4 li, guiqin¹* and yinglin mu². ¹Hebei Economic and Trading University, Shijiazhuang China; ²Chicago, IL. Microsporogenesis observation and karyotype analysis of some species in genus Juglans L.

2:00 54-5 Oh, Sang-Hun* and Daniel Potter. University of California, Davis. Phylogenetic relationships in tribe Neillieae (Rosaceae) inferred from DNA sequences.

2:15 54-6 Evans, Rodger C.* and Christopher S. Campbell. Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada; University of Maine, Orono. Phylogenetic insights into the Maloideae (Rosaceae) from the granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) gene.

2:30 54-7 Dickinson, Timothy A. Royal Ontario Museum, and University of Toronto, Canada. What IS Suksdorf's hawthorn?

2:45 54-8 Schoenenberger, Juerg* and Elena Conti. University of Zürich, Switzerland. Molecular systematics and floral structure of a Western Gondwanan clade of Myrtales.

3:15 54-9 Clinebell II, Richard R. and Peter C. Hoch.* Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Pollination of Gaura villosa (Onagraceae) by antlions (Neuroptera).

3:30 54-10 Penneys, Darin S.*, Walter S. Judd, Norris H. Williams, and W. Mark Whitten. University of Florida, Gainesville. A cladistic analysis of Charianthus (Miconieae: Melastomataceae) using morphological and molecular characters.

3:45 54-11 Michelangeli, Fabian A. American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY. Fruit dispersal and character evolution in the Neotropical genus Tococa (Melastomataceae).

4:00 54-12 Goodson, Barbara E.¹*, Javier Francisco-Ortega², Javier Fuertes-Aguilar³, Arnoldo Santos-Guerra⁴, and Robert K. Jansen¹. ¹University of Texas, Austin; ²Florida International University and The Fairchild Tropical Garden, Miami; ³Real Jardín Botánico, Madrid, Spain; ⁴Jardín de Aclimatación de La Orotava, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. Phylogenetic relationships of endemic species of Crambe sect. Dendrocrambe (Brassicaceae) in Macaronesia based on chloroplast DNA restriction site data.

4:15 54-13 Fayette, Kim* and Leo P. Bruederle. University of Colorado, Denver. Morphometric analyses support specific status for Eutrema penlandii Rollins (Brassicaceae).

4:30 54-14 Wurdack, Kenneth J.* and James W. Horn. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx; Duke University, Durham, NC. A reevaluation of the affinities of the Tepuianthaceae: molecular and morphological evidence for placement in the Malvales.

4:45 54-15 Small, Randall L. University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Morphological and genetic variation in Hibiscus sect. Muenchhusia (Malvaceae).

5:00 54-16 Ciofani, Kristen, Lydia Miramontes, and Richard Jensen*. Saint Mary's College, Notre Dame, IN. Morphometric analyses of red maple (Acer rubrum L.), silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.), and their hybrid (Acer X freemanii E. Murray).

5:15 54-17 Pell, Susan K.* and Lowell E. Urbatsch. Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge. Tribal relationships and character evolution in the cashew family (Anacardiaceae): inferences from three regions of the chloroplast genome.

5:30 54-18 Morton, Cynthia M.* and Matthew Grant. Auburn University, AL; University of Reading, UK. Phylogenetic relationships of Aurantioideae (Rutaceae): a cladistic analysis using the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region.

Presiding: J. TRAVIS COLUMBUS, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500 N. College Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711. Tele: 909-625-8767, E-mail: j.travis.columbus@cgu.edu.

1:00 55-1 Sanchez-Ken, J. Gabriel*, Robert H. March, and Lynn G. Clark. Iowa State University, Ames. Evolution of the mesophyll in the grasses (Poaceae).

1:15 55-2 March, Robert H. and Lynn G. Clark*. Iowa State University, Ames. Fusoid cells in bamboos and basal grasses (Poaceae): source of enhanced enlightenment?

1:30 55-3 Guala, Gerald*, David Bogler, James Sadle, and Javier Francisco Ortega. Fairchild Tropical Garden and Florida International University, Miami. Polyphyly in the Brazilian bamboo genus Apoclada (Poaceae: Bambusoideae).

1:45 55-4 CATALAN, PILAR*, PEDRO TORRECILLA, and JOSE ANGEL LOPEZ-RODRIGUEZ. University of Zaragoza, Spain. A reclassification of within-Poeae-groups based on molecular evidence.

2:00 55-5 Gillespie, Lynn J. and Robert J. Soreng*. Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. A phylogenetic analysis of Poa (Poaceae) based on cpDNA restriction site data: DNA variation versus morphological divergence.

2:15 55-6 Gillespie, Lynn J.¹*, Saood Omer¹, and Robert J. Soreng². ¹Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa; ²Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation in North American Poa section Poa.

2:30 55-7 Consaul, Laurie L.* and Lynn J. Gillespie. Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa. Preliminary morphological and molecular analyses on alkali grasses (Puccinellia, Poaceae) in the Canadian arctic archipelago.

2:45 55-8 Barber, Janet C.¹ *, Liliana M. Giussani², and Elizabeth A. Kellogg¹. ¹University of Missouri, St. Louis; ²Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, San Isidro, Argentina. Phylogeny of Poaceae subfamily Panicoideae based on sequences of phytochrome B, a low-copy nuclear gene.

3:15 55-9 Duvall, Melvin R.¹, Jeffrey D. Noll² *, and Alexandra H. Minn¹. ¹Northern Illinois University, DeKalb; ²South Dakota State University, Brookings. Phylogenetics of Paniceae (Poaceae).

3:30 55-10 Cerros-Tlatilpa, Rosa* and J. Travis Columbus. Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA. Phylogenetics of Aristida (Gramineae) based on internal transcribed spacer sequences (nrDNA).

3:45 55-11 Boykin, Laura*, Timothy Lowrey, and William Pockman. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Ecology and evolution of Orcuttieae (Poaceae): an endangered vernal pool grass.

4:00 55-12 PETERSON, PAUL M.¹*, J. TRAVIS COLUMBUS², ROSA CERROS TLATILPA², and MICHAEL S. KINNEY². ¹Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC; ²Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA. Phylogenetics of Muhlenbergia and relatives (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) based on internal transcribed spacer region sequences (nrDNA).

4:15 55-13 Columbus, J. Travis* and Eric H. Roalson. Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA. Phylogenetics of Hilaria and Pleuraphis (Gramineae: Chloridoideae).

4:30 55-14 Siqueiros-Delgado, Maria Elena* and J. Travis Columbus. Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA. Evolution of the Bouteloua curtipendula complex (Gramineae: Chloridoideae) based on molecular data.

4:45 55-15 Young, Laura*, Paul Kores, and Mia Molvray. University of Oklahoma, Norman. Phylogenetic analysis of Schoenoplectus (Cyperaceae) using ITS sequence data.

5:00 55-16 Yelton, Sharon* and Robert F. Naczi. Harvard University, Cambridge, MA; Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights. Sectional circumscription and relationships of gynecandrous Carex subgenus Vignea (Cyperaceae) based on morphology.

Presiding: LEAH L. LARKIN, Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712. Tele: 512-471-3878, E-mail: leah-perle@mail.utexas.edu.

1:00 56-1 LADOUX, TASHA* and ELIZABETH A. FRIAR. Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, CA. Self-incompatibility in Ipomopsis tenuifolia (Polemoniaceae).

1:15 56-2 LARKIN, LEAH L.,¹* JOHN L. NEFF², and BERYL B. IMPSON¹. ¹University of Texas at Austin and ²Central Texas Melittological Insititute, Austin. Evolution of floral specificity in a group of andrenid bees.

1:30 56-3 LARSON, KATHERINE C. University of Central Arkansas, Conway. Lack of pollinators limits fruit set in the exotic Lonicera japonica.

1:45 56-4 MILLER, JILL S. University of Colorado, Boulder. Floral morphometrics and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in Lycium (Solanaceae).

2:00 56-5 MOREHOUSE, SARAH and STEVEN B. CARROLL.* Truman State University, Kirksville, MO. Effect on pollinator behavior of a flower-color polymorphism in Viola pedata.

2:15 56-6 SHANER, MARIEKEN G. M.,* and DIANE L. MARSHALL. University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Under how wide a set of conditions will nonrandom mating occur in Raphanus sativus?

Presiding: LEAH L. LARKIN, Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712. Tele: 512-471-3878, E-mail: leah-perle@mail.utexas.edu.

2:45 56-7 SKAGGS, DALE,* HEATHER SWEET, and JOHANNE BRUNET. Oregon State University, Corvallis. The impact of plant architecture on selfing rate in Aquilegia coerulea (Ranunculaceae).

3:00 56-8 SUDLER, K. NICOLE. University of Kentucky, Lexington. Phenotypic selection on sexual reproduction vs. clonal expansion in five populations of Viola blanda.

3:30 56-9 BAGGS, JOANNE E.* and JOYCE MASCHINSKI. The Arboretum at Flagstaff, AZ. Detecting morphological and growth rate differences of a confusing Purshia complex using a common garden study.

Organized by: DENNIS W. STEVENSON and KENNETH M. CAMERON, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458. Tele: 718-817-8179, E-mail: dws@nybg.org, and kcameron@nybg.org.

Presiding: DENNIS W. STEVENSON, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.

1:15 57-1 GENSEL, PATRICIA G. The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Opening remarks on Bill Dickison's life and contribution to botanical science.

1:30 57-2 CAMERON, KENNETH M. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. On the phylogenetic position of the New Caledonian endemic families Strausbergeriaceae, Oncothecaceae, and Paracryphiaceae: a comparison of molecules and wood anatomy.

2:00 57-3 RUDALL, PAULA J. The Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, UK. Floral morphology of Asparagales: unique structures and iterative evolutionary themes.

2:30 57-4 BEHNKE, H.-DIETMAR. University of Heidelberg, Germany. Sieve-element plastids and evolution of monocotyledons - with emphasis on Melanthiaceae sensu lato and Aristolochiaceae-Asaroideae, a putative dicotyledon sister group.

3:00 57-5 ENDRESS, PETER K. The University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Flower morphology and angiosperm systematics in the molecular era.

3:45 57-6 WHEELER, ELISABETH A. North Carolina State University, Raleigh. Dicotyledonous woods: the fossil record.

4:15 57-7 KEATING, RICHARD C. Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville. Comparative anatomy and specialization of leaf structure in Araceae and Acoraceae.

4:45 57-8 TERRAZAS-SALGADO, TERESA. National University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. Comparative stem anatomy in the subfamily Cactoideae-Cactaceae.

5:15 57-9 MUSSELMAN, LYTTON J. Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA. Surface features of quillwort (Isoetes, Isoetaceae, Lycophyta).

5:45 57-10 STEVENSON, DENNIS W. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. Concluding remarks.

Presiding: Donald R. Kaplan, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 111 Koshland Hall #3102, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102. Tele: 510-642-4187, E-mail: kaplandr@nature.berkeley.edu.

Presiding: Victoria C. Hollowell, Missouri Botanical Garden, MBG Press, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166-0299. Tele: 314-577-0862, E-mail: victoria.hollowell@mobot.org.

Presiding: MASSIMO PIGLIUCCI, Departments of Botany and of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1100. Tele: 865-974-6221, E-mail: pigliucci@utk.edu.

Presiding: KONRAD BACHMANN, Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, IPK Gatersleben, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. Tele: +49-39482-5465, E-Mail: bachmann@ipk-gatersleben.de.

WEDNESDAY EVENING, 15 AUGUST