The use of wild-growing cereals in genetics investigation on wheat
allows to decide fundamental problems of botany and genetics, and
received hybrid forms can be using in practical breeding for raising
of new cultivars. The purpose of investigation was creation and study
of hybrid plants, received by crossing of species Triticum aestivum
L. (AABBDD) , with wild-growing species of cereals , for study the
questions of species's origin and creation of hybrid wheat on the
basis of cytoplasmic male sterility. As a material for researches have
served the cultivar Saratovskaya-29 and species: T.araraticum
v.araxianu thumanianis (AbAbGG) , T. militinae Zhuk. et
Migusch.(AbAbGG) , (T.turgidum v. nigrobarbatum AuAuBB) ,
T.compactum Host. (AuAuBBDD) , T.timopheevii Zhuk. (AuAuGG)
. Emasculation and pollination were carry out on classic methods
(Udolskaya, 1961; Khailenko,1998). The cultivar Saratovskaya-29 was
farther always. Percent of impregnative ovaries reached to 80%, but
percent of setting grains was hestitated from 13,79% to 54,90%. About
half of obtained grains were good filled, in the main, visually its
had good developed embryoes and endosperms, but other half of hybrid
grains had wrinkled small embryoes and wrinkled endosperms. Te
development these hybrid grains was corresponded to 4-7 days by grains
of control - the cultivar Saratovskaya-29. This anomalies can be
caused both as incompatible of genomic composition by crossed species
(Dorofeev at all., 1978; Gandilyan, Shakaryan,1992) and as various
breaches in function of female gametophyte (Khailenko,1999). The
questions of origin of wheat species and practical using biodiversity
of interspecific hybrids of wheat will be discussed.
Key words: anomalies, biodiversity, interspecific hybrids, species, wheat